アルコール・物質使用症

アルコール使用症の受療動向、薬物使用症の動向、国際比較。

本ページの概要

本ページは「アルコール・物質使用症」について、患者調査・制度・文献・可視化リソースを統合してご紹介します。 内容は月次の自動更新で随時追記されます。

患者調査（時系列）

出典: 厚生労働省 患者調査

年 アルコール使用症_総患者数_千人 物質使用症_千人 入院患者数_千人 外来患者数_千人 アルコール関連死亡_千人 出典
1999 82.0 14.2 40.0 42.0 12.1 患者調査
2002 78.6 13.4 38.0 40.6 11.8 患者調査
2005 74.8 13.0 36.0 38.8 11.3 患者調査
2008 72.4 13.5 34.0 38.4 10.9 患者調査
2011 68.2 12.8 31.0 37.2 10.6 患者調査
2014 61.0 13.6 27.5 33.5 10.2 患者調査
2017 58.7 14.1 24.0 34.7 9.8 患者調査
2020 55.4 15.2 21.0 34.4 9.5 患者調査
2023 50.0 16.5 18.0 32.0 9.0 患者調査（推計）

国際比較

出典: OECD Health Statistics ほか

国 アルコール1人あたり消費量_L_純アルコール アルコール使用症有病率_男性(%) アルコール使用症有病率_女性(%) 依存症治療へのアクセス(%) 出典
日本 7.2 9.7 1.4 6.0 WHO GISAH2021・八木2014
アメリカ 9.3 17.5 8.2 24.0 NIAAA2021
ドイツ 12.3 20.0 8.1 — OECD2022
フランス 11.4 13.3 5.2 — OECD2022
イギリス 9.7 12.2 5.3 — NHS2021
韓国 8.0 19.0 2.7 — MHIS2021
オーストラリア 9.3 12.3 4.5 — AIHW2022
世界平均 6.4 12.1 3.0 — WHO2022

制度変遷メモ

アルコール・物質使用症 診療体制・政策変遷メモ

主要制度転換点

1963年 — アルコール病棟の開設

  • 久里浜病院（現久里浜医療センター）にアルコール専門病棟開設
  • 日本初の専門的アルコール依存症治療

1989年 — 断酒会・AAの普及

  • 全日本断酒連盟・AAの全国展開
  • セルフヘルプグループが治療の重要な柱に

1990年代 — 有機溶剤・覚醒剤等の問題

  • 若年層への薬物使用の拡大
  • 薬物乱用対策5か年計画（1998年）の策定

2013年 — アルコール健康障害対策基本法成立

  • 日本初のアルコール問題に特化した基本法
  • 国・地方公共団体・事業者・国民の責務を明確化
  • アルコール健康障害対策推進基本計画の策定義務化

2014年 — アルコール健康障害対策推進基本計画（第1期）

  • 飲酒量の低減目標を数値設定
  • 生活習慣病リスクを高める飲酒量：男性40g/日以上・女性20g/日以上を2023年までに下げる
  • 相談支援体制の整備

2016年 — 薬物使用等の罪を犯した者に対する刑の一部執行猶予制度施行

  • 薬物依存症者の回復支援に刑事司法が関与
  • 「治療につなぐ」政策への転換

2018年 — ギャンブル等依存症対策基本法成立

  • 行動嗜癖がアルコール・物質依存と同枠で政策対象に
  • IRカジノ開業に伴う依存症対策として制定

2019年 — アルコール健康障害対策推進基本計画（第2期）

  • 目標の継続と強化
  • 職域・学校・地域での連携推進

2020〜 — COVID-19とアルコール問題

  • 外出自粛・飲食店規制→家飲みの増加
  • 女性・若年層でのアルコール消費量増加傾向
  • オンラインAA・断酒会の普及

2022〜 — 薬物使用障害の治療体制

  • 薬物依存症専門外来の全国整備推進
  • SMARPP（スマープ：薬物依存回復プログラム）の普及

診療体制上の課題

課題 状況
受療率の低さ 推定依存症者80万人に対し実際の受診者は5万人程度
専門医療機関不足 アルコール依存症専門治療を行う病院が限定的
スティグマ 「本人の意志の問題」という誤解が受診を阻む
薬物依存の司法対応 刑事司法と医療の連携が不十分
若年層・女性 COVID後の飲酒問題増加への対応が追いついていない
共依存 家族への支援体制が脆弱

関連文献

出典: PubMed 等。最新登録順。 全 102 件中、最新 15 件を表示しています。

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過去の文献 87 件を表示
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