摂食症

神経性やせ症・神経性過食症の有病率、年齢・性別分布、入院加療の動向。

本ページの概要

本ページは「摂食症」について、患者調査・制度・文献・可視化リソースを統合してご紹介します。 内容は月次の自動更新で随時追記されます。

可視化リソース

主要な可視化ダッシュボードです。各カードから別タブで開きます。

公開中

患者数 時系列推移

1984年〜2023年の摂食症 推計患者数の年次推移を、入院・外来・合計の3系列で可視化。

 公開中

COVID-19 影響比較

COVID-19 前後（2017年〜2023年）の患者数・年齢層・診療体制の変化を比較。

 公開中

エビデンスマップ

国内疫学・治療効果・予後の主要研究をマッピング。

患者調査（時系列）

出典: 厚生労働省 患者調査

年 元号 総患者数_千人 入院_千人 外来_千人 備考
1984 昭和59 0.6 0.4 0.2 —
1987 昭和62 0.8 0.5 0.3 —
1990 平成2 0.9 0.5 0.4 —
1993 平成5 0.9 0.5 0.4 ICD-9最終年（旧分類含む）
1996 平成8 1.9 1.1 0.8 —
1999 平成11 2.7 1.4 1.3 —
2002 平成14 4.1 1.3 2.8 外来ピーク
2005 平成17 2.9 1.6 1.3 —
2008 平成20 2.8 1.7 1.1 —
2011 平成23 3.3 2.1 1.2 —
2014 平成26 3.0 2.0 1.0 —
2017 平成29 3.0 1.9 1.1 —
2020 令和2 3.8 2.0 1.8 COVID禍；算出方法変更（診療間隔上限30日→98日）
2023 令和5 3.2 2.0 1.2 —

制度変遷メモ

全国疫学調査まとめ

安藤哲也研究班 全国疫学調査（2014-2015年）

出典: 厚生労働科学研究費補助金 障害者政策総合研究事業 「摂食症の診療体制整備に関する研究」分担研究報告書 「摂食症の全国疫学調査中間報告」（研究分担者：安藤哲也） URL: https://mhlw-grants.niph.go.jp/system/files/2016/162091/201616020B_upload/201616020B0004.pdf

調査概要

  • 対象：全国の20床以上の病院の精神科・心療内科・小児科・内科・産婦人科（11,766施設）
  • 調査施設数：5,220施設（層化無作為抽出）
  • 回収率：49.1%（2,565施設が回答）
  • 調査期間：2014年10月1日〜2015年9月30日（1年間）

推計患者数（年間受診者）

診断分類 推計患者数 95%信頼区間
神経性やせ症（AN） 12,674人 10,618–14,730
神経性過食症（BN） 4,612人 3,140–6,085
過食性障害（BED） 1,145人 833–1,457
他の特定される食行動障害（OSFED） 2,445人 1,481–3,409
分類不能（US） 3,630人 2,277–4,983
合計（全診断） 24,506人 18,349–30,664

注: 患者数は過小評価の可能性あり（未受診者が多い）。オランダの報告では神経性やせ症の約半分、神経性過食症の1/10程度しか医療機関を受診しないとされる。JAFED推計では未受診者を含めると数十万人と推測。

診療科別推計患者数

診療科 推計患者数 割合
精神科 15,864人 64.7%
内科（一般・総合） 3,992人 16.3%
小児科 2,020人 8.2%
心療内科 2,288人 9.3%
産婦人科 877人 3.6%
内科（代謝・内分泌・糖尿） 706人 2.9%

注: 精神科が約3分の2を占める。ただし施設毎の患者数の偏りが非常に大きく、上位5%の施設で精神科患者の50%、心療内科・小児科患者の60%を占めていた。

都市部・非都市部別分布

  • 都市部（特別区・政令指定都市・中核市・特例市・人口20万人以上の市）：推計17,189人（約70%）
  • 非都市部：推計6,978人（約30%）

→ 患者の約7割が都市部に集中

二次調査（臨床疫学調査）結果

対象：863施設8,850例 回答：363施設3,659例（回収率41.3%） 　　　男性147人、女性3,489人、性別未記載23人

診断別内訳： - 神経性やせ症・制限型：1,731例 - 神経性やせ症・過食排出型：995例 - 神経性やせ症（サブタイプ未選択）：50例 - 神経性過食症：458例 - 過食性障害：116例 - 他の特定される食行動障害：88例 - 特定不能：200例

平均年齢： - 神経性やせ症：28.6 ± 12.6歳 - 神経性過食症：30.5 ± 9.6歳 - 過食性障害：31.7 ± 10.9歳

1998年 厚生省特定疾患調査（比較参照）

出典: 厚生省特定疾患「中枢性摂食異常調査研究班」（1998年） （2014-2015年調査との比較のため記載）

診断 推計受診患者数（年間） 人口10万対
神経性やせ症 12,500人 8.3〜11.9
神経性過食症 6,500人 4.3〜5.9

→ 2014-15年調査と大きな差はなかったと考察されているが、神経性過食症は減少傾向を示す。

地域疫学調査

新潟県調査（1998年）： - 神経性やせ症：10万人対4.79 - 神経性過食症：10万人対1.02

京都地域調査（16〜23歳女性）： - 1982年→1992年→2002年にかけて全摂食症で増加傾向

10〜29歳女性における有病率（患者調査ベース）： - 神経性やせ症：10万人対51.6〜73.6 - 神経性過食症：10万人対27.7〜37.7

海外との比較（参考）

疾患 成人女性 成人男性
神経性やせ症（生涯有病率） 0.9% 0.3%
神経性過食症（生涯有病率） 0.9〜1.5% 0.1〜0.5%
過食性障害（生涯有病率・欧州） 1.9% 0.3%
過食性障害（生涯有病率・米国） 3.5% 2.0%

出典: edcenter.ncnp.go.jp — 摂食症の概説と疫学

関連文献

出典: PubMed 等。最新登録順。 全 59 件中、最新 15 件を表示しています。

  1. Shiha MG, Sanders DS, Burton-Murray H, Simren M, Palsson O, Aziz I. Prevalence of Self-Reported Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity and Its Association With Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction and Disordered Eating. United European gastroenterology journal (2026). PMID: 42396956 DOI
  2. Ciciulla D, Koplin JJ, Yeo M, Tang MLK, Perrett KP, et al. Prevalence of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in children with and without food allergy. Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (2026). PMID: 42415534 DOI
  3. Nasser SN MSc, Martins CB PhD, Cavalcante GM, Marmirolli FADP MD, Claudino AM MD, PhD, Fidalgo TM MD, PhD. Prevalence of eating disorders and disordered eating in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine (2026). PMID: 42392846 DOI
  4. Boettcher J, Lücke T, Zapf H, Daubmann A, Denecke J, et al. Prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children and adolescents with rare diseases. Orphanet journal of rare diseases (2026). PMID: 41620754 DOI
  5. Spinner HK, Haedt-Matt A, Keel PK. Predictive Validity of Purging Disorder: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study Comparing Prevalence and Psychosocial Outcomes for Alternative Criteria Sets. The International journal of eating disorders (2026). PMID: 41588570 DOI
  6. Boltri M, Oprandi L, Mastrocola S, Cera G, Brusa F, et al. Food addiction as a transdiagnostic feature associated with binge-eating symptoms in eating disorders: prevalence and rehabilitation outcomes in an Italian inpatient population. Eating and weight disorders : EWD (2026). PMID: 42069994 DOI
  7. Blomsten A, Trindade IA, Nybacka S, Melchior C, Algera JP, et al. Avoidant/Restrictive Eating in People With and Without Bowel Symptoms in the General Population: Prevalence, Clinical Profile, and Associated Factors. The American journal of gastroenterology (2026). PMID: 40833462 DOI
  8. Hagag RA, Gewaifel GI, Ibrahim SAE, Emara RH, Ali HMA. Prevalence and associated factors of eating disorders' risk among Alexandria University medical students. BMC public health (2026). PMID: 42237304 DOI
  9. Lebrun-Harris LA, Beccia AB, Austin SB, Fields JM. Prevalence and Correlates of Caregiver-Reported Disordered Eating Behaviors and Concerns Among US Children and Adolescents Aged 6 to 17 Years, 2022. Preventing chronic disease (2026). PMID: 42315147 DOI
  10. Jemal M, Kedir S, Krug I. Prevalence of eating disorders, eating disorder risk, and body image dissatisfaction across Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review (2026). PMID: 42160965 DOI
  11. Harris LM, Lusich R, Wu KC, Stancil J, Moussaoui JR, et al. Transdiagnostic Prevalence and Characteristics of Suicidality Across the Spectrum of Restrictive Eating Pathology. Behavior therapy (2026). PMID: 42276687 DOI
  12. Atabay FE, Altin D. Orthorexia nervosa prevalence and associated factors in individuals attending a diet outpatient clinic: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2026). PMID: 42214131 DOI
  13. Rahman Nihaal, Ishitsuka Kazue, Piedvache Aurélie, Sampei Makiko, Morisaki Naho. Resilience and Disordered Eating Among Japanese Adolescents: A Population-Based Cohort Study. The International journal of eating disorders (2026). PMID: 41622548
  14. Salamunes Ana Carla C, Koikawa Natsue, Williams Nancy I, Koltun Kristen J, Vijaya Krishnan Maha L, et al. Differences in female athlete triad risk factors between Japanese and American female runners: A comparative study. PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation (2026). PMID: 41669996
  15. Sakurai Haruka, Ishikawa Shuhei, Okubo Ryo, Mitsui Nobuyuki, Miyano Fumiya, et al. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Anorexia Nervosa: Mediating Mechanisms and Risk by Adversity Patterns. European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association (2026). PMID: 41841387
過去の文献 44 件を表示
  1. Shimoda Kengo, Saito Haruki, Tateno Amane, Sakayori Takeshi, Nogami Tsuyoshi. Sleep-Related Eating Disorder among Japanese Psychiatric Outpatients Receiving Ultra-Short-Acting Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nippon Ika Daigaku zasshi (2026). PMID: 42091509
  2. GBD 2023 Mental Disorder Collaborators. Updated trends in the global prevalence and burden of mental disorders, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. Lancet (London, England) (2026). PMID: 42167272
  3. Faria C, Daneshi K, Baser A, Mauersberger H, G-Medhin A, et al. The global prevalence of eating disorders in children and young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European child & adolescent psychiatry (2026). PMID: 41591417 DOI
  4. Luther OJ, West E. The prevalence of disordered eating habits in female collegiate athletes. Nutrition and health (2025). PMID: 39838959 DOI
  5. Tzischinsky O, Latzer Y. Night eating syndrome prevalence and its association with sleep quality, eating patterns, and psychopathology in an Israeli community sample. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology (2025). PMID: 40240692 DOI
  6. Yildirim S, Turan B, Bilginer SÇ, Hoşoglu E. Prevalence and determinants of orthorexia nervosa among Turkish adolescents. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology (2025). PMID: 40411545 DOI
  7. Fatimah A, Hodge R, Cobham VE. Prevalence, Aetiology and Treatment of Comorbid Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Eating Disorders in Children and Young People: A Systematic Review. Clinical child and family psychology review (2025). PMID: 41071433 DOI
  8. Carroll M, Newman E, Cradock K, Bruha L, Sharpe H. A systematic review of the prevalence of disordered eating in fitness professionals. Eating behaviors (2025). PMID: 41161152 DOI
  9. Jordan E, Zhang Z, Wall M, Loth KA, Hochgraf AK, et al. Sexual orientation and prevalence of disordered eating among young adults: Intersections with race, ethnicity, and gender. Eating behaviors (2025). PMID: 41177038 DOI
  10. Delaney AL, Dasgupta M, Lavoie J, Pan AY, Mussatto K, et al. Feeding outcomes and prevalence of paediatric feeding disorder in children with congential heart disease: a retrospective study of 159 children 18 to 24 months of age. Cardiology in the young (2025). PMID: 41527734 DOI
  11. Fang S, Zhao R, Feng J, Wang H, Li D. Prevalence and correlates of night eating syndrome among Chinese nurses: focus on depression and sleep quality. Frontiers in public health (2025). PMID: 41415241 DOI
  12. Hamdan M, Al-Amouri F, Jaber MM, Marbu D, Abed MT, et al. Prevalence and determinants of food addiction among Palestinian university students: a cross-sectional study. Eating and weight disorders : EWD (2025). PMID: 41452417 DOI
  13. Górski MK, Polaniak R, Całyniuk B, Buczkowska M, Fojcik J, et al. When eating inedible things: Determining the prevalence of pica disorder in a group of Polish adolescents aged 15-19 years. Psychiatria polska (2025). PMID: 40794540 DOI
  14. Torres Dos Ramos A, Bellver M, Esquius L, Martínez Pastor I, Barea Montes A, Andrés A. Prevalence of physically active females at risk for the female athlete triad in Spain. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2025). PMID: 41332253 DOI
  15. Bjørndal LD, Corfield EC, Hannigan LJ, Ayorech Z, Bulik CM, et al. Prevalence, Characteristics, and Genetic Architecture of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Phenotypes. JAMA pediatrics (2026). PMID: 41284261 DOI
  16. Flack R, Brownlow G, Burton-Murray H, Palsson O, Aziz I. The Prevalence and Burden of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Symptoms in Adults With Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction: A Population-Based Study. Gastroenterology (2026). PMID: 40914329 DOI
  17. Brownlow G, Flack R, Burton-Murray H, Palsson O, Aziz I. The Prevalence and Burden of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Symptoms in the Adult General Population of the UK and USA. The International journal of eating disorders (2026). PMID: 41159250 DOI
  18. Ho MH, Wang L, Lee JJ, Liu MF, Chang CC. Prevalence of Feeding Difficulty Among Persons Living With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis. Research in nursing & health (2026). PMID: 41175067 DOI
  19. Sjögren M, Englund E, Erlandsson AÅE, Möllsten A. Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa in individuals with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Sweden. BMJ open (2026). PMID: 41689220 DOI
  20. Bruha L, Duffy F, Manrai R, Sharpe H. A systematic review on the prevalence of, and risk factors for, eating disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of health psychology (2026). PMID: 40650580 DOI
  21. Generoso R, Irvine-Marsh S, Jepsen A, Sonneville KR, Hahn SL. Examining prevalence of disordered eating and self-monitoring methods by specific weight and shape management goals among first-year college students. Journal of American college health : J of ACH (2026). PMID: 40847837 DOI
  22. Cho SH, Kim S, Oh R, Kim JY, Jang M, et al. High incidence of eating disorders in individuals with type 2 diabetes and their association with cardiovascular and mortality risks. Diabetologia (2026). PMID: 41296037 DOI
  23. Goddard Q, Markovinović A, Ronksley PE, Seow CH, Ma C, et al. Meta-Analysis: Prevalence of Eating Disorders in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics (2026). PMID: 41455094 DOI
  24. Breithaupt L, Ji C, Zhao Z, Petterway F, Gydus J, et al. Prevalence of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome and Associated Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Youth with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology (2026). PMID: 41636319 DOI
  25. Al-Bawah N, Baklola M, Khalifeh AH, Al-Eryani A, Nourelden AZ, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of disordered eating risk among Yemeni medical students: A national multicenter cross-sectional study. PloS one (2026). PMID: 41880338 DOI
  26. Bozduman Çelebi̇ S, Bi̇nokay H, Adıgüzel Akman Ö, Kırışman Keleş H, Kinay Ermi̇s D, et al. High prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food ıntake disorder and psychiatric comorbidities in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. European journal of pediatrics (2026). PMID: 41896440 DOI
  27. Portas-Núñez B, Blanco-Martínez N, Sánchez-Lastra MA, Diz-Gómez JC, Ayán-Pérez C. Prevalence of eating disorder, body image dissatisfaction and musculoskeletal complaints among former spanish rhythmic gymnasts: a retrospective study. The Physician and sportsmedicine (2026). PMID: 41327901 DOI
  28. Melisse B, Bijsterbosch JM, Sternheim L. Starving for Data: Eating Disorders Prevalence and Research Gaps in Southern Africa. The International journal of eating disorders (2026). PMID: 41498430 DOI
  29. MacNeil BA, Montross M, Re S, Schultz S, Robey A, Bolch C. Lifetime prevalence of hoarding disorder symptoms in adults with an eating disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of psychiatric research (2026). PMID: 41628531 DOI
  30. Kim HS, Yang KA, Cho H, Kim SH, Hong SB. Age- and Sex-Specific Incidence Trends of Eating Disorders in South Korea: Insights From a Decade of National Health Insurance Data (2012-2021). The International journal of eating disorders (2026). PMID: 41656160 DOI
  31. Ortiz-Hernandez L, Tapia-Hernandez E. Prevalence and correlates of disordered eating among adults who received weight-related nutrition consultations. Journal of nutritional science (2026). PMID: 42137194 DOI
  32. Williams HG, Jones ES, Roberts R, Woodman T, Peirce N. Prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of anxiety, depression and disordered eating in elite female athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology of sport and exercise (2026). PMID: 41713823 DOI
  33. Dutra ACFE, de Oliveira JFP, Vieira MG, Torres HODG, Duarte CK. Prevalence of behaviors associated with binge eating disorder (BED) in nutrition students during remote and in-person teaching. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2026). PMID: 41962507 DOI
  34. Everhart SA et al. Family-Based Treatment in Higher Levels of Care: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur Eat Disord Rev (2025). PMID: 40356502 DOI
  35. Herpertz-Dahlmann B et al. Parallel Increase in Childhood Anorexia Nervosa and Early Puberty During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Eat Disord (2026). PMID: 41014133 DOI
  36. Almukhtar T et al. Evolving Profiles of Eating Disorder Admissions Before, During and After COVID-19. Int J Eat Disord (2026). PMID: 41126597 DOI
  37. Micali N et al. Temporal Trends in the Epidemiology of Eating Disorders Between 2000 and 2022: A Danish Register Study. Eur Eat Disord Rev (2026). PMID: 41403107 DOI
  38. Chauvet-Gélinier JC et al. Changes in Hospitalization for Eating Disorders and Related Suicidal Risk, Following COVID-19 Pandemic. Depress Anxiety (2026). PMID: 41789412 DOI
  39. Harada T et al. Anorexia nervosa restricting type has increased in severity over three decades in Japanese clinical samples. Int J Eat Disord (2021). PMID: 33247460 DOI
  40. Nakai Y et al. The changing profile of eating disorders and related sociocultural factors in Japan between 1700 and 2020: A systematic scoping review. Int J Eat Disord (2021). PMID: 33336841 DOI
  41. Kurisu K et al. Increased prevalence of eating disorders in Japan since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eat Weight Disord (2022). PMID: 34855142 DOI
  42. Fukuya Y et al. Association of COVID-19 Pandemic with Newly Diagnosed Anorexia Nervosa Among Children and Adolescents in Japan. Medicina (Kaunas) (2025). PMID: 40142256 DOI
  43. Hamatani S et al. Long-Term Outcomes of Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa: 3-Year Follow-Up. Brain Behav (2025). PMID: 40922447 DOI
  44. Hamatani S et al. Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Women With Bulimia Nervosa: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open (2025). PMID: 40762916 DOI